Evals / image / Combine images

Photos into a PDF

Turn DSCN0010.jpg, earth.jpg and landscape_6.jpg into one PDF called album.pdf, one photo per page, in that order.

normalsinglesmokedeft image to-pdf

The task

The reference answer shows the job can be done with deft. It is not an agent run.

deft image to-pdf DSCN0010.jpg earth.jpg landscape_6.jpg -o album.pdf

Input

DSCN0010.jpg 157.9 KB · 640x480
DSCN0010.jpg
earth.jpg 6.2 MB · 3000x3002
earth.jpg
landscape_6.jpg 134.4 KB · 450x600
landscape_6.jpg

Reference output

album.pdf 6.5 MB · 3 pages
Page 1Page 2Page 3
How a result is judged (2 checks)
  • pdf_pages: file = "album.pdf", pages = 3
  • pdf_page: file = "album.pdf", page = 1, ink_min = 0.2

Runs

CodexWithout deftPassed2026-11-07

Time
11s
New tokens
3.4k
Total input
40.2k
Output tokens
0.3k
Commands
2
Failed
0

Trace

  1. I’ll check the three image files in the current directory and create `album.pdf` with one full-page photo per page in the requested order.

  2. rg --files -g 'DSCN0010.jpg' -g 'earth.jpg' -g 'landscape_6.jpg' -g 'AGENTS.md' -g 'album.pdf'
    output
    DSCN0010.jpg
landscape_6.jpg
earth.jpg
  3. python3 - <<'PY' from PIL import Image from pathlib import Path files = [Path('DSCN0010.jpg'), Path('earth.jpg'), Path('landscape_6.jpg')] images = [Image.open(p).convert('RGB') for p in files] images[0].save('album.pdf', save_all=True, append_images=images[1:], resolution=150) print('Created album.pdf with', len(images), 'pages') PY ls -lh album.pdf
    output
    Created album.pdf with 3 pages
-rw-r--r--@ 1 user  staff   1.1M Nov  7 00:47 album.pdf

  4. Created [album.pdf](album.pdf) with one photo per page, in the requested order.

Output

album.pdf 1.1 MB · 3 pages
Page 1Page 2Page 3

CodexWith deft, skill installedPassedRead the skillUsed deft2026-11-07

Time
15s
New tokens
5.0k
Total input
70.3k
Output tokens
0.5k
Commands
3
Failed
0

Trace

  1. I’ll check the available file conversion tools, then create `album.pdf` in the current directory with the photos in the requested order.

  2. cat .agents/skills/deft/SKILL.md && pwd && rg --files -g 'DSCN0010.jpg' -g 'earth.jpg' -g 'landscape_6.jpg' -g 'AGENTS.md'
    output
    ---
name: deft
description: "Use deft first for any simple, direct operation on local files, whatever the type: convert, read, extract, edit, compress, merge, split, compare or inspect. Try it before writing a script or one-liner. If unsure, run deft find; if it says no command does this, use another tool. Not for programming work: to read, write or change source code, skip it."
---

# deft

One local command for file jobs. Prefer it over writing Python or shell scripts.

Syntax: `deft <group> <command> [inputs] [-o output] [--options]`

Groups:
- `pdf`: Merge, split, compress, encrypt, forms, OCR, compare, convert
- `image`: Resize, crop, convert, compress, adjust, montage, OCR
- `video`: Trim, merge, convert, compress, subtitles, GIF, frames (ffmpeg)
- `audio`: Convert, trim, normalize, denoise, cut silence (ffmpeg)
- `doc`: Word/ODT/RTF: to text, Markdown, HTML, PDF; find and replace
- `slides`: PowerPoint: extract text, Markdown outline
- `sheet`: Excel/CSV/ODS tables: SQL query, pivot, merge, split, convert
- `json`: JSON: convert, format, merge, diff, validate
- `toml`: TOML: convert, format, merge, diff, validate
- `xml`: XML: convert, format, merge, diff, validate
- `yaml`: YAML: convert, format, merge, diff, validate
- `md`: Markdown to PDF, HTML, Word, EPUB; table of contents
- `html`: HTML to Markdown, text, Word and PDF
- `epub`: E-books: info, to text, Markdown and PDF
- `gps`: GPX and KML tracks: convert, distance and time
- `qr`: Create QR codes and barcodes; r
… 740 more characters

  3. The three images are present. I’m using the local file utility’s PDF workflow to make a single page for each image, preserving the order you specified.

  4. deft find "turn multiple image files into a PDF, one image per page"
    output
    pdf from-images     image... -> pdf     One page per image
image rotate        image -> image      Turn clockwise by any angle (EXIF is applied first)
pdf rotate          pdf -> pdf          Turn pages clockwise: --angle 90, --pages
pdf extract-sheets  pdf -> csv|xlsx...  Save each table apart
pdf to-images       pdf -> png|jpg...   Render pages: --dpi, --pages
  5. deft pdf from-images DSCN0010.jpg earth.jpg landscape_6.jpg -o album.pdf
    output
    ok image.to-pdf 3 files -> album.pdf  3 pages  0.02s

  6. Created [album.pdf](album.pdf) with one photo per page, in the requested order.

Output

album.pdf 6.5 MB · 3 pages
Page 1Page 2Page 3

CodexWith deft, skill as AGENTS.mdPassed2026-11-05

Time
11s
New tokens
5.3k
Total input
45.8k
Output tokens
0.3k
Commands
2
Failed
0

Trace

  1. I’ll check the available `deft` image-to-PDF options, then create `album.pdf` in the current directory in the requested order.

  2. deft pdf
    output
    deft pdf - commands (input -> output)
  info         pdf -> report      Pages, size, metadata, fonts, images
  compress     pdf -> pdf         Make a PDF smaller: --level, --target-size 2MB
  delete       pdf -> pdf         Remove pages: --pages 2,5-7
  from-images  image... -> pdf    One page per image, in the given order
  from-md      md -> pdf          Typeset a PDF with headings, tables, code, images
  merge        pdf... -> pdf      Join PDFs in the given order
  number       pdf -> pdf         Add page numbers: --format "{n} of {total}"
  rotate       pdf -> pdf         Turn pages clockwise: --angle 90, --pages
  select       pdf -> pdf         Keep and reorder pages: --pages 3,1-2
  split        pdf -> pdf...      One file per page, or --every N, --ranges 1-3,4-
  to-images    pdf -> png|jpg...  Render pages to images: --dpi, --pages
  to-text      pdf -> txt         Extract text (form feed between pages)
  watermark    pdf -> pdf         Stamp text or an image on pages: --text, --image
More: deft pdf <command> --help
  3. deft pdf from-images DSCN0010.jpg earth.jpg landscape_6.jpg -o album.pdf
    output
    ok image.to-pdf 3 files -> album.pdf  3 pages  0.02s

  4. Created [album.pdf](album.pdf) with one photo per page, in the requested order.

Output

Its files were not kept in this run. The last line of the trace is its own report.

Claude Opus 5.5Without deftPassed2026-11-07

Time
14s
New tokens
9.0k
Total input
42.3k
Output tokens
0.6k
Commands
0
Failed
0

Trace

    Output

    album.pdf 1.1 MB · 3 pages
    Page 1Page 2Page 3

    Claude Opus 5.5With deft, skill installedPassedRead the skillUsed deft2026-11-07

    Time
    13s
    New tokens
    9.9k
    Total input
    59.4k
    Output tokens
    0.5k
    Commands
    0
    Failed
    0

    Trace

      Output

      .claude/skills/deft/SKILL.md 2.1 KB
      ---
name: deft
description: "Use deft first for any simple, direct operation on local files, whatever the type: convert, read, extract, edit, compress, merge, split, compare or inspect. Try it before writing a script or one-liner. If unsure, run deft find; if it says no command does this, use another tool. Not for programming work: to read, write or change source code, skip it."
---

# deft

One local command for file jobs. Prefer it over writing Python or shell scripts.

Syntax: `deft <group> <command> [inputs] [-o output] [--options]`

Groups:
- `pdf`: Merge, split, compress, encrypt, forms, OCR, compare, convert
- `image`: Resize, crop, convert, compress, adjust, montage, OCR
- `video`: Trim, merge, convert, compress, subtitles, GIF, frames (ffmpeg)
- `audio`: Convert, trim, normalize, denoise, cut silence (ffmpeg)
- `doc`: Word/ODT/RTF: to text, Markdown, HTML, PDF; find and replace
- `slides`: PowerPoint: extract text, Markdown outline
- `sheet`: Excel/CSV/ODS tables: SQL query, pivot, merge, split, convert
- `json`: JSON: convert, format, merge, diff, validate
- `toml`: TOML: convert, format, merge, diff, validate
- `xml`: XML: convert, format, merge, diff, validate
- `yaml`: YAML: convert, format, merge, diff, validate
- `md`: Markdown to PDF, HTML, Word, EPUB; table of contents
- `html`: HTML to Markdown, text, Word and PDF
- `epub`: E-books: info, to text, Markdown and PDF
- `gps`: GPX and KML tracks: convert, distance and time
- `qr`: Create QR codes and barcodes; read QR codes

How to use it:
1. Run `deft <group>` to list commands, or `deft find "<what you want>"` to search. If it says `no command does this`, use another tool.
2. Run `deft <group> <command> --help` for options and examples.
3. `deft convert <in> -o <out.ext>` converts between formats by extension.
4. Results are one line starting with `ok`, `partial` or `error`; add `--json` to parse them. Errors include a `hint:` with the fix.

Inputs are never overwritten; pass `--force` or `--in-place` to allow it. Globs and directories work as inputs; several inputs run in parallel.

If `deft` is not installed, ask the user, then follow https://github.com/firstprayer/deft/blob/main/docs/INSTALL.md
      album.pdf 6.5 MB · 3 pages
      Page 1Page 2Page 3

      Claude CodeWithout deftNot run yet

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